Stretch marks, also known as striae distensae, are a common form of dermal scarring that can affect the appearance of the skin. They appear as linear striations in varying colors, including red, purple, or hypopigmented. Stretch marks can be a source of distress for individuals, and various treatment options have been explored. In this article, we will delve into the causes, clinical manifestations, and treatment options for stretch marks in pregnancy.

​

Causes and Risk Factors:

Stretch marks commonly occur during pregnancy, known as striae gravidarum. Several risk factors have been identified for developing pregnancy-related stretch marks, including a family history of stretch marks, higher prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), significant weight gain during pregnancy, and multiple gestations Understanding these risk factors can help individuals take proactive steps to prevent or minimize the occurrence of stretch marks.

​

Clinical Manifestations:

Stretch marks go through a progression of appearance. Initially, they may appear as edematous striations and evolve into red-to-purple flat or atrophic plaques called striae rubra. Over time, these may fade to become hypopigmented scar-like depressions known as striae alba. The size of stretch marks can vary, typically ranging from a few millimeters to one centimeter in diameter. They often occur in symmetrical patterns and are commonly found on the abdomen, breasts, thighs, and buttocks. In certain cases, such as with highly pigmented skin, stretch marks may appear dark gray to black (striae nigrae) or bluish (striae caerulea).

​

Treatment Options:

While stretch marks themselves are not harmful, they can negatively impact one's self-esteem and quality of life. Several treatment options aim to improve the appearance of affected skin by reducing color or texture differences between stretch marks and surrounding normal skin.

During pregnancy, it is crucial to focus on prevention rather than active treatment. Many pregnant women try various creams, lotions, and ointments to minimize the risk of stretch mark development. Some studies have shown beneficial effects of using pure oils such as olive oil, almond oil, and jojoba oil during pregnancy.

Nevertheless, it is important to avoid the use of topical retinoid therapy, as it is not recommended during pregnancy.

​

After pregnancy, when seeking treatment for existing stretch marks, various modalities can be explored. These include topical creams and lotions containing ingredients like retinol, hyaluronic acid, or glycolic acid, which may help improve the appearance of stretch marks. Procedures such as laser therapy, microneedling, and chemical peels have also shown positive results in reducing the visibility of stretch marks.

Conclusion: Stretch marks can be a cosmetic concern for many individuals, especially during and after pregnancy. Understanding the causes, clinical manifestations, and available treatment options can empower individuals to make informed decisions about managing stretch marks. Undoubtedly, prevention is key during pregnancy and the post-partum period.

​